Surgery


Anal speculum

Anal speculum of BENSAUDE, about 1930 

 

 

In endoscopy, the areas of activity of the surgeons and internists overlap. It's not up to me to decide who owns which part.

 

The fact is that colonoscopy is one of the earliest "insights" inside the human body. Even the heavy Roman specula were probably used not only to see the female vagina, but also to inspect the rectum.

The rectal speculum has proven itself to visit the lower rectal and rectal anal sections.

 

Two nearly identical anuscopes are presented , both according to Dr. med. BENSAUDE: the left with the round, fluted handle of SIMAL company, the right one with an octagonal handle. The useful length was just 6.5 cm for both devices.
The French clinician Raoul BENSAUDE (1866-1938) earned the dissemination of rectoscopy. His bacteriological stool investigations led to the discovery of Salmonella paratyphi B in 1896, in collaboration with Emile Charles ACHARD (1860-1944). They were the first to use the term paratyphoid ...

After BENSAUDE is named a method for the sclerosis of anal fissures .

 

 

The KELLY proctoscope, developed in 1895, can be inserted up to a depth of 20 cm.
The American surgeon, gynecologist and medical historian Howard Atwood KELLY (1858-1943) worked in Baltimore.
If you want to penetrate deeper into the intestine, the daylight is no longer sufficient. From the 18th century, lighting techniques were developed that were applied to the cystoscope, bronchoscope, esophagoscope (John BEVAN 1868), gastroscope (Adolph KUSSMAUL 1868), at the other end of the body the rectoscope (Howard KELLY 1895), sigmoidoscope, colonoscope, etc. found.